# Transactions

Records of financial activities affecting assets or cash.

# Transactions

#### **Table of Contents**

- [Description](#bkmrk-description)
- [Examples](#bkmrk-examples)
- [Cookbook](#bkmrk-cookbook)
- [F.A.Q.](#bkmrk-api-documentation)
- [API Documentation](#bkmrk-api-documentation)

#### **Description**

##### *Financial meaning*

Transactions in an investment platform represent **any economic activity** that results in a **change of ownership, value, or cash position** of financial instruments or related accounts. They are the **building blocks** of portfolio management, accounting, performance analysis, and compliance.

##### *Platform abstraction*

**Transaction** in the Finmars platform is a fundamental entity that represents any economic action involving a financial instrument, cash, or both. Transactions serve as the **source of truth for portfolio activity**, capturing events such as purchases, sales, income, redemptions, and other movements.

**Transaction** also is used in:

- valuation, serving as inputs for position lifecycle, pricing, and performance.
- [**reconciliation**](https://docs.finmars.com/books/reports/chapter/reconciliation "Reconciliation"), comparing expected vs. actual positions and cash events.
- reporting, providing raw and derived data for trade activity, cash analysis, and compliance.
- accounting, enabling P&L, fee, tax, and ledger mapping through transaction classification.

#### **Examples**

**First part of table**

<table border="1" id="bkmrk-txn-id-date-source-d" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;"><colgroup><col style="width: 10.0132%;"></col><col style="width: 9.0596%;"></col><col style="width: 8.22517%;"></col><col style="width: 8.70199%;"></col><col style="width: 11.2053%;"></col><col style="width: 9.53642%;"></col><col style="width: 9.89404%;"></col><col style="width: 8.10596%;"></col><col style="width: 13.8289%;"></col><col style="width: 11.5618%;"></col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>**TXN ID**</td><td>**Date**</td><td>**Source**</td><td>**Date (Trade)**</td><td>**Description**</td><td>**Date (Value)**</td><td>**TXN TYPE**</td><td>**CCY STL**</td><td>**Cash Consideration**</td><td>**Instrument**</td></tr><tr><td>20240125001.0</td><td>2025-02-13</td><td>std.file</td><td>2022-12-03</td><td>Buy : Instrument: TREASURY BILL 0.00% </td><td>2022-12-05</td><td>Buy</td><td>USD</td><td>-1'654'021.90</td><td>TREASURY BILL 0.00% 25-Jan-2024</td></tr></tbody></table>

**Second part of table**

<table border="1" id="bkmrk-isin-position-%28adjus" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;"><colgroup><col style="width: 6.7947%;"></col><col style="width: 10.8477%;"></col><col style="width: 10.3709%;"></col><col style="width: 9.77483%;"></col><col style="width: 10.4901%;"></col><col style="width: 10.8477%;"></col><col style="width: 11.0858%;"></col><col style="width: 10.3712%;"></col><col style="width: 11.8013%;"></col><col style="width: 7.74834%;"></col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td>**ISIN**</td><td>**Position (Adjusted)**</td><td>**Account (Cash)**</td><td>**Portfolio**</td><td>**Status (Reversed)**</td><td>**Status (Cancelled)**</td><td>**Reference Transaction ID**</td><td>**Allocation (PL)**</td><td>**Linked Instruments**</td><td>**Notes**</td></tr><tr><td>USP</td><td>-303.90</td><td>US4508411200000</td><td>CH-BND-203948</td><td>0.0</td><td>-</td><td>None</td><td>TREASURY BILL 0.00% 25-Jan-2024</td><td>TREASURY BILL 0.00% 25-Jan-2024</td><td>  
</td></tr></tbody></table>

- `<strong data-end="1174" data-start="1164">TXN ID (Transaction ID)</strong>`: unique transaction ID within the platform.
- `<strong data-end="1230" data-start="1222">Date</strong>`: date when the transaction was recorded in the system.
- `<strong data-end="1299" data-start="1289">Source</strong>`: origin of the transaction data (e.g., `std_file` for standard imported file).
- `<strong data-end="1398" data-start="1382">Date (Trade)</strong>`: actual trade date when the transaction was executed.
- `<strong data-end="1472" data-start="1456">Date (Value)</strong>`: value date when the transaction becomes effective in financial terms.
- `<strong data-end="1562" data-start="1547">Description</strong>`: freeform description of the transaction (typically includes action and instrument).
- `<strong data-end="1663" data-start="1651">TXN TYPE (Transaction type)</strong>`: transaction type (e.g., Buy, Sell, Coupon, Deposit).
- `<strong data-end="1732" data-start="1721">CCY STL</strong>`: settlement currency used in the transaction.
- `<strong data-end="1804" data-start="1782">Cash Consideration</strong>`: monetary amount of the transaction (net cash inflow/outflow).
- `<strong data-end="168" data-start="154">Instrument</strong>`: name of the financial instrument involved in the transaction.
- `<strong data-end="243" data-start="235">ISIN</strong>`: international identifier for the security (International Securities Identification Number).
- `<strong data-end="363" data-start="340">Position (Adjusted)</strong>`: net change in instrument quantity after transaction adjustment.
- `<strong data-end="450" data-start="432">Account (Cash)</strong>`: cash account associated with the transaction's payment or settlement.
- `<strong data-end="538" data-start="525">Portfolio</strong>`: unique portfolio identifier that the transaction is associated with.
- `<strong data-end="633" data-start="612">Status (Reversed)</strong>`: flag indicating whether the transaction has been reversed.
- `<strong data-end="719" data-start="697">Status (Cancelled)</strong>`: flag indicating whether the transaction has been cancelled.
- `<strong data-end="812" data-start="784">Reference Transaction ID</strong>`: ID of a related or referenced transaction.
- `<strong data-end="911" data-start="892">Allocation (PL)</strong>`: categorization of the transaction for performance or reporting purposes.
- `<strong data-end="1010" data-start="989">Linked Instrument</strong>`: related instrument (if transaction is part of a structured deal or derivative).
- `<strong data-end="1104" data-start="1095">Notes</strong>`: user-defined comments or notes about the transaction.

#### **Cookbook**

##### *CRUD* 

Operations within platform.

##### *Use Cases*

What for it's used.

#### **F.A.Q.**

Frequently asked questions.

#### **API documentation**

Link to API documentation.